AI abuse refers to the misuse of artificial intelligence technologies to harm, exploit, or control others. It can include:

• generating fake intimate images or videos of someone without consent
• using AI to impersonate someone in messages or calls
• deploying AI tools to stalk or monitor someone’s online activity
• creating AI-generated content to shame, humiliate, or threaten

Online stalking is a form of cyberstalking where someone uses digital tools and platforms to monitor, harass, or intimidate another person persistently and obsessively. It often involves repeated, unwanted contact or surveillance that causes fear, distress, or discomfort. This can include:

• monitoring social media activity obsessively (likes, comments, posts, stories)
• creating fake accounts to follow or contact someone after being blocked
• sending repeated messages, emails, or DMs despite being ignored
• tracking someone’s location via apps or shared data
• hacking or attempting to access personal accounts
• posting or sharing personal information without consent
• using spyware or surveillance tools to monitor online behavior

Non-consensual video recording refers to the act of capturing video footage of a person without their knowledge or permission, especially in situations where they have a reasonable expectation of privacy. This can include:

• installing hidden cameras in private spaces
• recording without consent in the workplace
• intimate recordings without permission
• surveillance misuse

Online child sexual exploitation (OCSE) refers to situations where children are sexually abused or exploited through digital technologies. This can involve grooming, coercion, manipulation, or threats, and often includes the production, sharing, or possession of sexual content involving children.. This can include:

• Grooming – Offenders build trust with a child online to manipulate them into sexual activity or sharing explicit content.
• Live-streamed abuse – Children are coerced or forced to perform sexual acts live on camera, often for paying viewers.
• Sextortion – A child is blackmailed with sexual images or threats to produce more content or engage in further abuse.
• Sharing of child sexual abuse material (CSAM)- Images or videos of abuse are distributed online, often through hidden networks or encrypted platforms.
• Online trafficking or exploitation for profit – Children are exploited through digital platforms for commercial sexual abuse.

Doxing is the act of publicly revealing or publishing private, personal, or identifying information about an individual without their consent, typically with malicious intent. Shared information can include:

• full name, home address, phone number
• workplace or school details
• private email addresses or usernames
• financial information
• photos or videos
• social media accounts linked to real identity

Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM) refers to any content—images, videos, or other media—that depicts the sexual abuse or exploitation of a child. It is illegal in the UK, and its creation, possession, distribution, or viewing is a serious criminal offense. Key characteristics include:

• Involves real children (under 18) being sexually abused or exploited.
• Can be photos, videos, live streams, or digitally altered content.
• Often shared through hidden online networks, encrypted platforms, or peer-to-peer systems.
• May be used in sextortion, trafficking, or grooming cases.